CHOLON - Cochinchina - Gawo 1
Kumenya: 480
MARCEL BERNANOISE1
I. Geography Yakuthupi
UTHENGA WABI
Chigawo cha Cho Lon [Chợ Lớn] lomwe lili ndi mahekitala 121441, lili kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Cochin-China. Ndi zachilengedwe ndipo gawo lake limangokhala chigwa chachikulu chopanda nkhalango kapena malo okwera; limaonekera pamaso panu ngati gawo lalikulu la kumalire kum'mawa ndi chigawo cha Giadinh [Gia Định], Kumadzulo ndi chigawo cha Tanani [Tan An], yomwe imachokera m'malo otsetsereka pang'ono pang'ono kuchokera ku North-West kupita ku South-East, mtunda wa 60 km, kuchokera kumalire a chigawo cha Tay Ninh [Tây Ninh] kupita ku Nyanja ya China pakuyanjana ndi Kum'mawa vamco [Vàm Cỏ] ndi Soirap [Soài Rạp].
nyengo
Malinga ndi momwe zinthu ziliri, nyengo yotentha, yofunda ndi yonyowa, ikufanana ndi zigawo zina zambiri za Cochin-China, ndipo imagwedezeka pang'ono m'chigawo cha Kumwera ndi oyandikana ndi nyanja. M'mawu amodzi, nyengo ndiyabwino ndipo palibe mliri kapena matenda omwe akupezekapo.
ZOKHUDZA
Kummawa vamco [Vàm Cỏ], umodzi wa mitsinje yofunika ya Cochin-China imatsata wolowera kumwera kwa chigawo cha Cho Lon [Chợ Lớn] m'litali mwake lonse, kukhala malire ake achilengedwe ndi zigawo za Gocong [Go Cong] ndi Tanani [Tan An]. Mtsinje waukuluwu wokhala ndi magetsi wamba ungayambukiridwe kumbali zonse kuti umadutsa dera la chigawo. Imafika pagombe lakumanzere kuchuluka kwakukulu. Kupatula Kummawa vamco [Vàm Cỏ] tiyenera kutchula za rach Cangiuoc [Kodi Giuoc] zomwe zidakulitsa nyimbo Pa Lon [Ớng Lớn] ndi rach Pa Tram [rạch Cầu Tràm] imadziponya munyanja yaku China pafupi ndi pakamwa pa vamco [Vàm Cỏ]. A raeh Cangiuoc [Kodi Giuoc] waphatikizidwa ndi Soirap ndi rach vang [rạch Vàng] ndi rach Cau Doi [rạch Cầu Đôi]. Komanso tiyenera kutchulanso ngalande za Kinh Nuoc Manga [Kinh Nước Mặn] kum'mawa vamco [Vàm Cỏ] kwa Cangiuoc [Kodi Giuoc] mtsinje. Kuyendetsa bwato pa njira iyi ndikofunikira kwambiri.
NJIRA
Sitima yochokera Saigon [Sài Gòn] kupita ku Mytho kudutsa dera la Cho Lon [Chợ Lớn] pakukula kwake, kutsatira njira yachikoloni Na. 16 kuchokera Cho Lon [Chợ Lớn] Mzinda wopita ku Benluc, pomwe umawoloka vamco [Vàm Cỏ] pafupi ndi mlatho wawukulu wachitsulo, malire a dera la Tanani [Tan An]. Sitima iyi imakhala ndi tsiku lililonse sitima zinayi.
II. Gawo Loyang'anira
KULIMBITSA KWA GENERAL
Bungwe loyendetsa zigawo ndizofanana ndi zigawo zina za Cochin-China. Imayang'aniridwa ndi woyang'anira zantchito zaboma, wamkulu wa chigawo, yemwe, nthawi yomweyo, adapanga ndalama ndi ntchito za Purezidenti wa komisheni yayikulu ya tauni ya Cho Lon [Chợ Lớn]. Maofesi a Kafukufuku yemwe amayang'anira zochitika zonse amapezeka mutawuni Cho Lon [Chợ Lớn]. Monga zigawo zina zimapereka bajeti yodziyimira payokha, yomwe ikufunidwa ndikuvotedwa ndi khonsolo yake ya chigawo, woyang'anira yemwe (ndiye mutu wa chigawo) ndiye amawongolera bajeti iyi yomwe ndi ya 1925, mpaka 355.240 $.
Khonsolo yachigawo ili ndi mamembala khumi ndi awiri, kapena aphungu, ngati nthumwi za zigawo khumi ndi ziwiri; ma khonsolo amasankhidwa ndi amuna otsogolera. Khonsolo ya chigawo iyi imakonzedwanso pang'ono zaka ziwiri zilizonse.
MALANGIZO A Boma
At Phul [Phu Lam], mudzi womwe uli pamtunda wa 3 km kuchokera Cho Lon [Chợ Lớn], pali sukulu yolowera komwe imalowa sukulu ya atsikana achichepere. Izi zimatsogozedwa ndi mphunzitsi, mothandizidwa ndi namkungwi waku Europe ndi aphunzitsi. Woyang'anira sukuluyi amathandizidwanso kuti ayang'ane masukulu onse am'chigawochi. Palinso masukulu oyambira ku Duc Hoa [Đức Hoà], Tan Phu Thuong [Tân Phú Thượng], Mulungu [Ndi Đen], Cangiuoc [Kodi Giuoc], Wachinyamata [Rạch Kiến], Canduoc [Cần Đithu] ndi malo ena, omwazikana ndi gawo lalikulu la midziyo, komwe Sukulu yaulere ndi masukulu anayi ampingo ayenera kuwonjezera.
KUGWIRITSA NTCHITO ZAOPA
Malamulo aukhondo mchigawochi amayang'aniridwa ndi dokotala waku Europe, wothandizidwa ndi othandizira komanso ndi 8 oyang'anira odwala wamba. Zipatala ndi nyumba za amayi oyembekezera zakhazikitsidwa Cangio [Ndi Gio], Canduoc [Cần Đithu], Wachinyamata [Rạch Kiến], Duc Hoa [Đức Hoà], Phul [Phu Lam], komanso mumzinda waukulu.
Katemera wambiri nthawi ndi nthawi amachitika m'midzi. Boma likugawaniza anthu wamba kumidzi pofuna kuthana ndi malungo. Pali azamba otsimikizika amchigawo chapakati omwe amapezeka m'nyumba zanyumba komanso m'nyumba za amayi.
… PITIRIZANI…
BAN Lachiwiri THƯ
12 / 2019
ZINDIKIRANI:
1: Marcel Georges Bernanoise (1884-1952) - Paint, anabadwira ku Valenciennes - dera lakumpoto kwambiri ku France. Chidule cha moyo ndi ntchito:
+ 1905-1920: Kugwira ntchito ku Indochina komanso kuyang'anira mishoni kwa Kazembe wa Indochina;
+ 1910: Mphunzitsi ku Far East School of France;
+ 1913: Kuwerenga zaluso zachilengedwe komanso kufalitsa zolemba zingapo zaukadaulo;
+ 1920: Anabwerera ku France ndipo anakonza ziwonetsero zaluso ku Nancy (1928), Paris (1929) - zojambula za Lorraine, Pyrenees, Paris, Midi, Villefranche-sur-mer, Saint-Tropez, Ytalia, komanso zikumbutso zina ochokera ku Far East;
+ 1922: Akufalitsa mabuku onena za zokongoletsa ku Tonkin, Indochina;
+ 1925: Adalandira mphotho yayikulu ku Colonial Exhibition ku Marseille, ndipo adagwirizana ndi wopanga mapulani a Pavillon de l'Indochine kuti apange zinthu zamkati;
+ 1952: Amwalira ali ndi zaka 68 ndipo amasiya zojambula zambiri ndi zithunzi;
+ 2017: Ntchito yake yopenta idayambitsidwa bwino ndi mbadwa zake.
ZOKHUDZA:
"Buku"LA COCHINCHINE”- Anatero Marcel Bernanoise - Hong Duc [Hồng ĐứcOfalitsa, Hanoi, 2018.
◊ wikipedia.org
Mawu olimba mtima komanso oyimbidwa a Vietnamese akhazikika mkati mwa zolemba - zolembedwa ndi Ban Tu Thu.
ONANI ZAMBIRI:
◊ CHOLON - La Cochinchine - Gawo 2
◊ SAIGON - La Cochinchine
◊ COCHINCHINA