LA COCHINCHINE - Chiyambi
Kumenya: 471
Assoc. Prof. Hung Nguyen Manh PhD.
La Cochinchine or Nam Ky [Nam Kỳ], dera lalikulu la South Vietnam Nam, chinali chimodzi mwazida za maofesi othamangitsidwa aku France panjira ya kugonjetsa kwawo kumapeto kwa 19th zana. Mawu ophatikizikawa ali ndi zinthu ziwiri: Cochin or Coco wosankha Chaochi (wakale Vietnam Nam) ndi Chine ochokera ku Zachidziwikire (mzera wina ku China munthawi ya Warring States) ikuwonetsa komwe kuli China. Komabe, lingaliro linanso ladzinenedwe kuti Cochin, gawo lamtsinje wa Mekong (kapena Kohchin kapena Cửu Long), yomwe idawuluka Thuy Chan Lap [Thuỷ Chân Lạp] (Madzi Chenla) ndi kuti Nam Ky [Nam Kỳ] okhala.
Mu 15th Zaka zana zapitazo, akatswiri ofufuza zam'madzi aku Europe adayimilira ku Mekong delta kuti akagule chakudya ndi madzi abwino. Titha kunena kuti Nam Ky [Nam Kỳ] zinali mtundu waSilika Njira"Pamitsinje," ndiyabwino kwambiri pamisika yochitira mitsinje. Ofufuzawo achi Europe adachitcha motero Chochi or Cochin kusiyanitsa ndi Cochin ku India.
Nthawi inayake m'mbiri ya Vietnam Nam, Cochinchine idagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga Dang Trong [Đàng Trong], ndi Tonkin chifukwa Dang Ngoai [Đàng Ngoài]. Pakadali pano, việt Nam [Việt Nam], Laos ndi Cambodia adasankhidwa pansi pa dzina limodzi la "Indochina". Mawuwa adadzetsa chisokonezo mmalingaliro ambiri akunja a Far East pomwe adapanga njira yawo yopitilira chifukwa amatanthauza India ndi China. Komanso, akunja amadzifunsa chifukwa chake Viet Nam adagawika magawo awiri: Dang Trong [Đàng Trong] ndi Dang Ngoai [Đàng Ngoài] ndi dera pakati pawo, pomwe panali likulu la roy'al, linatchedwa Nam [Nam]. Mu ulamuliro wa French, adatchulidwa mayina Bac Ky [Bắc Kỳ], Nam Ky [Nam Kỳ] ndi Trung Ky [Trung Kỳ] motsatana.
ngakhale Nam Ky [Nam Kỳ], dera lomwe likukumana ndi mavuto ambiri andale, lakhala likutchulidwa mosiyana ndi mbiri yakale: Gia Dinh [Gia Định] (1779-1832); Nam Ky [Nam Kỳ] (1834-1945); Nam Bo [Nam Bộ] (1945-1948); Nam Phan [Nam Phần] (1948-1956); Nam Viet [Nam Việt] kapena Mien Nam [Miền Nam] (1956-1975); kapena Phuong Nam [Phương Nam] dera pakali pano.
Buku ili La Cochinchine amafotokoza mbiri yakale, chuma, chikhalidwe ndi zokopa za dziko lalikulu ku Cửu Long delta mtsinje kapena dzina lina Nam Ky Luc Tinh [Nam Kỳ Lục Tỉnh]. Mu 20 yoyambilirath zaka; Nam Ky [Nam Kỳ] idakhala koloni la France ndipo idalamulidwa ndi Governor D. Cognacq. Dzinali limapezeka pachikuto cha buku monga umboni wokhudzana ndi phindu la chikhalidwe cha bukulo lomwe.
Bukuli limayamba ndi mawu opangidwa ndi Kazembe Wamkulu wa Indochina Alexandre Varenne pa 11th Ogasiti 1925 ku St-Gervais. Mwamunayo amawonedwa ndi gawo lomwe panthawiyo linali lanzeru zaku France ngati wandale wokonda zikhalidwe. Mawuwo akuwoneka kuti akuwongolera mtundu wa malingaliro owononga anthu chifukwa chofuna kuti bukuli lizifikiridwa ku magulu andale ku Paris m'malo mwa việt Nam [Việt Nam].
Komabe, bukuli mulibe 'chilichonse chokhudza wolemba, Marcel Bemanose (1884-1952). Kuchokera pazosungidwa, tapeza kuti anali mkulu, wothandizirana ndi azikhalidwe kwa abwanamkubwa ambiri a Nam Ky [Nam Kỳ] ndi Kazembe General wa Indochina, ndipo adasiya zolemba zina pa Indochina.
Tiyeneranso kutchula Photo Nadal-Saigon [Sài Gòn], mlenje wa mbiri yakale ku Indochinese, amene zithunzi zake zidapangitsa bukuli kukhala mbiri yabwino Nam Ky [Nam Kỳ].
La Cochinchine idasindikizidwa koyamba ndi Photo Nadal House ku 1925 ndi chosindikizidwa cha 400 makope owerengeka. Kope lomwe timagwiritsa ntchito pajambulayi ndi la 319 ndipo limaphatikizapo zojambula za mkuwa za 436 zopangidwa ndi Nyumba yomweyo.
Ngakhale panali zopinga pazaka zomaliza za 100, bukuli La Cochinchine wakhala akusungidwa ngati memento ku banja la wophunzira Trương Ngọc Tường kuchokera ku Cai Lậy, Tiền Giang. Tsopano yasindikizidwanso ndi Xưa & Ayi (Zakale & Zamakono) Magazini ndi Hong Duc [Hồng Đức] Ofalitsa m'zilankhulo za Chifalansa ndi Chingerezi choyambirira, adawonjezeranso ndi matembenuzidwe aku Vietnamese. Owerenga adzapeza m'mabuku a 20 yoyambirirath atsamunda zaka zana Nam Ky [Nam Kỳ] dera.
Ndi mwayi waukulu kwa ine kuyambitsa bukuli kwa owerenga atapempha Xưa & Ayi Magazini.
ZINDIKIRANI:
◊ Gwero: LA COCHINCHINE - Marcel Bernanoise - Hong Duc [Hồng ĐứcOfalitsa, Hanoi, 2018.
Mawu olimba mtima komanso oyimbidwa a Vietnamese akhazikika mkati mwa zolemba - zolembedwa ndi Ban Tu Thu.