CULT YA ZOONA ZA KITCHEN - Gawo 3
Kumenya: 478
HUNG NGUYEN MANH 1
… Ikupitilira gawo 2:
Chifukwa chiyani zipewa zitatu, ziwiri za amuna ndi imodzi ya mkazi?
Malinga ndi nthano yakale, nkhani ya Khitchini Mulungu zimakhudza anthu atatu, amuna awiri ndi mkazi. Panali, m'masiku akale, banja lomwe anali Mwamuna ndi Mkazi; mwamunayo adadwala matenda akhate monga khate, koma mkazi wake anali mayi wofatsa komanso wowoneka bwino yemwe amagwira ntchito molimbika kuyamwitsa mwamuna wake yemwe akudwala. Kukonda mkazi wake ndikulakalaka, mwamunayo adamulangiza kuti achoke kwa iye, koma iye adakana kumumvera. Mwamunayo adasilira kumunyoza ndi kumuthamangitsa, koma iye adakana. Tsiku lina wopemphetsa amabwera kudzapempha ndalama; Popeza anali mkazi wokoma mtima, mkaziyo adampatsa ndalama ndi mpunga. Ataona izi, mwamunayo nthawi yomweyo adaganiza zofunafuna kuti athamangitse mkazi wake. Ananamizira mkazi wake, pomuuza kuti amukhumudwitsa wopemphayo yemwe adamupatsa ndalama ndi mpunga. Atakwiya kwambiri komanso kuchitiridwa chipongwe chachikulu, mkaziyo anapita kumphepete mwa mtsinje kukadzipha. Wopemphayo adapeza pomwepo adalumphira mumtsinje, motero adathamangira kumtsatira. Mkaziyo adadziwa kuti kupanda chilungamo kwake sikungatsimikizike, adasiya udindo wake kuti amutsate.
Pokhala yekha yekhayo komanso wopanda thandizo lililonse, mwamunayo amayenda mozungulira kupemphetsa. Tsiku lina, akungoyendayenda, adafika kunyumba kuti akapemphe ndipo adakumana ndi mkazi wake wakale yemwe adamupatsa ndalama ndi mpunga. Atangoona mkazi wake, anathawa mwachangu. Mphindi zochepa pambuyo pake, adakumana ndi moto woyaka pang'ono panjira, ndipo posimidwa, adalumphira pamoto kuti adziphe. Mkaziyo adazindikira nthawi yomweyo kuti mwamunayo anali mwamuna wake wakale, adayesa kuti asamuletse, kenako, atalephera, nawonso adalumphira pamoto womwewo kuti adziphe. Atamupeza atamwalira pamoto, mwamunayo watsopanoyo analumphira pamoto kuti afe naye.
Masiku ano, kumidzi, mabanja ena amakhalabe ndi chizolowezi chopanga zida zomwe amatchedwa "Bambo Stove”, Mwachitsanzo, kamodzi pachaka, amapereka chitofu cha dothi chomwe chili ndi mapazi atatu pophika. Kumapeto kwa chaka chilichonse, iwo amasintha zina zakale “Bambo Stove”Popeza, pachaka chonse chophika, miyendo yakale yomwe inkasinthidwa. Ankaponyera stovu zakale munyanja kapena m'madziwe omwe ndi malo oyera kuti mupewe zomwe amatcha "kusokonezeka kwakhitchini", Chifukwa amakhulupirira kuti, ngati anthu ena m'mabanja awo ali ndi vuto la maso ndipo sangathe kuchiritsidwa, ndiye kuti payenera kukhala china chake chodetsedwa kapena chodetsedwa m'makhitchini awo. Atadwala "kusokonezeka kwakhitchini", Anthu ankakonda kusesa kukhitchini kwawo, ndipo nthawi zina, amapanga kukhitchini kwawo kulowera kwina, kenako amapereka"Bambo Stove". M'madera akumidzi, mabanja ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zimbudzi zachitsulo, pomwe m'mizinda, anthu nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zithupi kapena braziers. Komabe, chizolowezi cholambira Khitchini Mulungu pa 23rd ya mwezi wa 12 wa mwezi ukadalipo, kumidzi, komanso m'mizinda.
Tikayang'ana zojambulajambula nambala 105, titha kuona kuti Thổ CôngGuwa lansembe - ngakhale linali losavuta koma saizi silili laling'ono konse ndipo likuwoneka ngati wopanga. Chojambulachi chimangotipatsa kachingwe kakang'ono kwambiri, kosakwanira kutiwona kachitini kakang'ono paguwa komwe kali ndi miyala itatu yosanjikizidwa. Komabe, mu sketch The Khitchini Mulungu (Firiji.2) tawona kuti pali miyala itatu yaing'ono pa guwa.
Kumanja kwa guwa kuli mitsuko itatu ya mowa, ndipo kumanzere kuli nsapato zazitali (?). Pakati pa guwa pali thireyi yayikulu komanso yapamwamba, timadzifunsa ngati idagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonetsa carp (?). Tiyeni tibwerere ku zenizeni, m'malo ena, anthu ngakhale m'malo Thổ CôngGuwa la nsembe, pamodzi ndi cholembapo, makoma atatu okhala ndi malo okhala ndi utoto wogwirizana ndi zinthu zisanu. Chipewa cha mayi wachikasu chimayikidwa pakati ndipo zipewa za amuna akuda zakuda zimayikidwa mbali zake ziwiri. M'malo ena, anthu amangovala chipewa chaimuna chokhomedwa ndi mapiko mbali zonse ziwiri ndimabatani awiri.
Palinso malo omwe anthu amaika zipewa papulatifomu ndipo chipewa chilichonse chimaphatikizidwa ndi mkanjo ndi nsapato zokhota kumapeto, zomwe zimawonetsedwanso papepala. Kupita patsogolo pang'ono, anthu amaikanso pansi pa chipewa chilichonse ma golide zana onsewa ndi zinthu zopanda pake.
Malingana ndi lingaliro lakum'mawa, mitunduyi imadaliranso pazinthu zisanu, ndipo mitundu ya zipewa ndi zovala zimafunikanso kusintha chaka chilichonse. M'chaka chokhudzana ndi Kim (zitsulo) chinthu, chipewa chizikhala chachikaso. Mu Wood (Nkhuni) Chaka, chipewa chimayenera kukhala choyera. Mu Amayi (madzi) chaka, chipewacho chimayenera kukhala chamtambo. Mu Hoả (moto) Chaka, chipewa chizikhala chofiyira komanso Thổ (dziko lapansi) Chaka, chipewa chimayenera kukhala chakuda.
kuchokera H. Ogerchojambula, tikuona kuti pali njira ziwiri zokhazikitsira guwa. Ndi zojambula "Mulungu wa Khitchini"(Firiji.2) guwa ndi lozungulira ndipo limapachikidwa pakhoma, pomwe lili ndi "Genius wa dziko lapansi"(Firiji.4) imayikidwa mwamphamvu paguwa lalitali lamakona anayi okhala ndi miyendo inayi ikukhudza nthaka. Komabe, malo a maguwa amtunduwu amakhala pati mnyumba? Kawirikawiri, komwe kuli khitchini, guwa limakhala pamenepo - mwachitsanzo, kumtunda kwa khitchini. Koma, m'malo ena, amaikidwa pafupi ndi maguwa a makolo.
Monga gawo lapadera, nthawi zina munthu amatha kupeza pa guwa, chojambula chosonyeza a Khitchini Mulungu yokhala ndi nkhope yakuda, yovala zovala ndi chipewa molondola, ndikuwoneka ngati mandarin ya Khothi pakhoma la khitchini.
Anthu a Hà Tiên (South Vietnam) sankhani gawo lakumanzere la khoma logawanika pakati kuti likhazikitse guwa la nsembe Khitchini Mulungu ndipo guwa ili linali laling'ono.mita imodzi kapena 1 m'litali ndi 2cm kapena mita imodzi m'lifupi).
Kupatula tsiku lovomerezeka lopembedza Thổ Công (23 ya mwezi wa 12 wa mwezi), anthu m'malo ambiri amasankha kawiri m'mwezi womwewo, pa "izi”Mwambo, mwachitsanzo, pa 1 ndi pa 15 mwezi wamwezi, monga Anatero Trung Mudzi, Mwana wa Dong Chigawo, ku Thanh Hoa. M'malo ena, anthu akapembedza makolo awo, amaperekanso nsembe kwa Yehova Khitchini Mulungu. Zoperekazo zitha kukhala zosavuta monga nkhuni, maluwa, zipatso, betel ndi mowa; mukafuna kukhala wokhazikika kwambiri munthu akhoza kupatsa phwando ndi zakudya zam'mimba monga mpunga wowuma, nkhuku, trotter ya nkhumba kapena chidutswa cha nkhumba.
Kodi ndizowona kuti mwambo wa Khitchini Mulungu Pamakhala chizindikiro chokhudza makolo ndi Mulungu wamoto, kapena kukhulupirika koyeretsedwa ndi moto? Ndipo kodi ndikulondola kuti nambala ya atatu ya mkazi ndi amuna awiri ndi yogwirizana ndi chiwerengero cha atatuwowokonzera poyipa”? Pano, mtundu uwu wa brazier umapangidwa ndi chitsulo ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba za anthu wamba.
Podikirira yankho la akatswiri azamakhalidwe okhudzana ndi zaka zomwe zidawoneka mtundu wachitsulo chazitsulo chophikira potengera mabala atatu omwe zaka zikwi khumi zapitazo eni ake Mtendere Chikhalidwe chidagwiritsa ntchito ngati zidutswa zitatu za dziko lapansi kapena matope atatu.5
Komabe, ngakhale kusandulika komwe kwachitika, chifukwa cha inu, Mường ndikadayikapo mwala pambali paulendo utatu wowoneka kuti ukuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa makolo a Mr. Núc.
Chizindikiro cha makolo ngati onse ndi makolo akale, makolo akale, kapena makolo malinga ndi ubale wapabanja pafupi kwambiri ndi nthawi yathu ino, sizipitilira kupitilira pamenepo kwa genii (imodzi imabereka chikhalidwe chachikazi ndipo ina iwiri imabala chibadwa chaimphongo) lopezeka kumwera konse kwa Asia. The Khơ Mú imbani "kunyumba" - mawu otanthauza makolo kapena makolo akale. Mwala womwe umapembedzedwa kuyambira masiku a yore kutembenukira ku Khitchini Mulungu idachitidwadi ndi dzanja lozizwitsa la Chipembedzo6.
ZINDIKIRANI:
1 Gwirizanani ndi Pulofesa HUNG NGUYEN MANH, Dokotala mu Phylosophy of History.
6 Zotsalira kuyambira koyambirira kwa Iron Age ku Vietnam-zaka 2300 zapitazo - zapezeka ku Đường Mây (Hanoi), Chikumbutso (Ndi Bắc) tili nawonso matope opangidwa ndi nthaka yophika kale ofanana ndi omwe tili nawo pakadali pano, kuti titha kudzilimbitsa pa zojambula za H.Oger zomwe tazitchulazi ndikuzigwiritsa ntchito ngati mbiri yakale.
7 Malinga ndi Nthawi ya masika ndi miyambo yaku Vietnam - Gulu la olemba la TRẦN QuỐC VƯỢNG pp. 59-60 Cultural Publishing House, Hanoi, 1976.
BAN TU THU
01 / 2020
ZINDIKIRANI:
Chitsime: Chaka Chatsopano cha Vietnamese cha ku Vietnamese - Chikondwerero chachikulu - Asso. Prof HUNG NGUYEN MANH, Doctor of Phylosophy in Mbiri.
Images Zithunzi zolimba mtima komanso sepia zakhazikitsidwa ndi Ban Tu Thu - adhanso.biz
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