KUTHENGA KWA MALO ASILI

Kumenya: 763

HUNG NGUYEN MANH ¹

Zonse Zamoyo ndi Kukhudza kwaumunthu Present

    Tawonapo zolemba zakale zomwe zidayikidwa paguwa la makolo. Komabe, zinthu za paguwa zomwe timadziwira zidangopangidwa ndi chitsulo, mkuwa kapena mtengo ndi amisiri aluso. M'malo mwake, titha kuzindikira pazinthu zowonetsedwa zomwe zakonzedwa ndi manja a anthu kukhalapo kwa chilengedwe. HENRI OGER adatipatsa zojambula zitatu zipatso zisanu pomwe tidzayang'ananso pambuyo pake m'bukuli. Kodi tanthauzo loti treya ya zipatso zisanu yomwe ili pachikondwerero chachikulu monga lero?

   Ponena za Anthu aku Vietnamese, kuyambira nthawi zakale, maluwa ndi zipatso zinali zofunikira pakati pa zidutswa za guwa zoperekedwa kwa Genies, Buddha ndi Ancestors. Nthawi zambiri zinkadziwika kuti pakati pa guwa lansembe pomwepo panali mbale yosungirako ya josstick kumbuyo kwake komwe kunali kapepala kapenanso zipatso zisanumakumbukidwe"Chimango (Firiji.1) pomwe maluwa ndi mbale zamadzi zidawonetsedwa. "Kumeneko ndikosavuta"(Mapiri atatu) ndi mtundu wa chinthu chopembedzedwa nkhuni chopangidwa ndi masiku 3 yokhala ndi maziko ofanana, koma yomwe ili pakati ndi yayitali kuposa inayo mbali zake ziwiri zomwezo ndi yayitali, motero amaimika ngati phiri, chifukwa chake dzina lake "Kumeneko ndikosavuta"(Mapiri atatu).   

  Komanso kuyambira pachikumbutso, thireyi yazipatso zisanu yapita kupyola khoma la ma pagodas ndi akachisi kuti afikire mabanja aku Vietnam ngati mwambo wabwino wachikhalidwe.

    The thireyi yazipatso zisanu wakhala chotchuka chofotokoza zomwe zikuchitika, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, kukhala ndi phindu lokongola. Thirani zipatso zisanu ndi chinthu chomwe chimakongoletsa malo opembedzerako komanso chimapangitsa malo abwino kutchuthi cha Tết.

    M'masiku a Chikondwerero cha Chaka Chatsopano, mlimi adasamalira dimba lake ndipo, pakati pa mitengo yake ya nthochi, adasankha nthochi zazikulu zofananira ndi khungu lonyezimira lakuda wobiriwira ndipo adakhwima koma osakhwima. Kupatula nthochi, zipatso zina monga zipatso za mphesa, zipatso zamadzimadzi, persimmon, lalanje, kumquat… zinali kucha. Powerengera mundawo, alimiwo adatola maluwa a peony, tsango la aglaia, maluwa ena kapena ma chrysanthemums… ndipo onse adayikidwa pateyala lofiira ndi golide. A thireyi yazipatso Nthawi zambiri panali magawo awiri: mbali yakumwambako inali thireyi yozungulira yozungulila zipatso ndi gawo lotsika, choimapo chokhala ndi kutalika koyenera. Nthochi zokhwima zimayala pa tray ngati maziko abwino a zipatso za mphesa zagolide. Kuphatikiza apo, zipatsozo za mphesa zimatha kusinthidwa ndi chinsalu chala chomwe chimaphatikizika kumapeto kwake kapena masamba obiriwira. Chipilalachi chala sichinali chozungulira ndipo khungu lake silinkakhala losalala koma chimafanana bwino ndi mtundu wa nthochi, chikasu cha malalanje, ndi golide wowala wa kumquat yaying'ono wolinganiza mosiyana pakati pa nthochi. Mitundu iyi ndi zithunzi zowonjezera bwino zidawonjezera kukongola kwake pamtundu wazipatso zisanu zomwe zili bwino, ndikuwonetsa chilengedwe chogwirika mwaluso kwambiri ngati chowongolera kugwiritsa ntchito bwino maburashi ake ndi utoto².

     Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana lino sitingathe kungoyang'ana "thireyi ya zipatso zisanu"Monga zasonyezedwera chapafupi komanso kukhala ndi mwayi wosirira luso la mmisiri wina wamanja yemwe adapanga"thireyi yazipatso zisanu"Kuchokera pamizu ya nsungwi.

Tray ya Zipatso Zisanu ndi Zofukizira ndi Utsi ku TẾT

    Kuyambira nthawi zakale komanso malinga Mafilosofi Akum'mawa, dziko lapansi limapangidwa ndi "Zinthu zisanu”, Monga chitsulo, nkhuni, madzi, moto, ndi dziko lapansi. Kogwirizana ndi muyezo wazinthu zisanuzi ndi nzeru zomwe zikuwongolera monga "Genius wa Dziko Lapansi, Genius Wamoto, Mtsinje Wamadzi … ”Ichi ndichifukwa chake m'moyo wawo wauzimu, anthu akum'mawa m'masiku am'mbuyomu nthawi zonse ankayembekezera kuti anzeru zotere aziteteza anthu ndikuwalola kukhala mwamwayi ndi madalitso. Lingaliro limenelo linali litalowa kwambiri mu moyo wauzimu ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu akum'mawa, makamaka achi China ndi Vietnamese. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, chaka chilichonse ku Tết, nthawi zonse pamakhala thireyi pa Zipatso Zisanu, kuyimira mphamvu, ulemu, komanso kufunitsitsa kutembenukira ku banja labwino.

   Kutengera ndi chitukuko, mbiri yakale komanso chikhalidwe cha anthu, komanso machitidwe a dera lirilonse, anthu amakonza thireyi yazipatso zisanu mosiyanasiyana, koma tanthauzo lake silinasinthe ndipo limadziwika ndi mitundu ndi zipatso zotsatirazi:

   The mtundu wobiriwira -Kuyimira kukula kwachilengedwe, udzu ndi mitengo, komanso utapangidwa ndi nthochi zobiriwira zomwe zimawoneka ngati zala dzanja lotseguka lomwe limakutira mkati mwake dziko lalikulu komanso lolemera, ndipo ichi ndi chifanizo chomwe chimatulutsa zipatso zisanu.

   The khungu - kuyimira kukolola kwakukulu komwe kumateteza anthu kuzizira ndi njala, komanso kochokera pamelo yayikulu kapena papaya, yoyikidwa pakatikati pa thayilo, kutanthauza lingaliro lokhala gawo lalikulu komanso lofunikira kwambiri m'moyo wa munthu.

    The mtundu wofiira -Kuyimira mphamvu, kufunitsitsa kopambana komanso kupeza mwayi. Anthu nthawi zambiri amasankha utoto wofiira kapena mandarin ndikuuyika pakati pa mtundu wobiriwira wa nthochi kapena mtundu wachikasu wa pomelo.

     Masiku ano, kukulitsa nyonga zambiri ndi mwayi wabwino, anthu amatha kuwonjezera tomato kapena pimentos zingapo kuti awonjezere chidwi cha thireyi ya zipatso zisanu.

    The mtundu wonyezimira -Kuyimira mphamvu ndi bata lapansi. Anthu ankakonda kusankha sinamoni kapena lalanje woukira yemwe amakhala wokongola komanso wachikasu. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwonjezera zokongola komanso kulemera kwa thireyi yazipatso zisanu Ku Tết, anthu amatha kusankha mtundu wowonjezera wachikasu wa maapulo, mtundu wakuda wamtundu wa mphesa, ndi utoto wosalala wa "kuposa"(chinjoka chofiira) zipatso kapena zipatso za oleaster. The thireyi yazipatso zisanu mu North ndi yaying'ono komanso yoyera ndipo nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi nthochi zobiriwira, pomelos, malalanje, mandarin, persammons, ndi zipatso za mazira. Koma za thireyi yazipatso zisanu mu South, nthawi zambiri imakhala yayikulu kwambiri ndipo imakhala ndi mavwende a madzi, mango, ma durian, maapulo a custard, zipatso za buluu, njuchi ... kuyatsa Masiku masiku, popeza imapereka guwa mu banja lililonse kukhala lozizira komanso kosangalatsa.³

Kumwera kuli ndi Pair of Water Melons

   In kumwera kwa Vietnam, thireyi yazipatso ndi yosiyana pang'ono ndi ya Kumpoto. chinanazi idadulidwa kumufanizira ndi phoenix yemwe chikwangwani chake chidapangidwa ndi tsabola wofiira ndi mapiko ndi nthochi zokhotakhota. Makamaka, a thireyi yazipatso zisanu mwa anthu akummwera nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mavwende amadzi ofanana ndi kukula kwa dengu la tiyi lokhala ndi pepala lofiira lokhala ndi zolemba zina zaku China ...

    Lero, m'mwezi wothandizana Tet, misika mu Saigon madzi osefukira ndi mapiri a madzi mavwende, okhala m'mahema ndi m'makola omwe akhazikitsidwa kwakanthawi kunja kwa iwo… The Madzi akumwera ali ndi mawonekedwe makamaka kutengera dera lililonse lomwe amachokera. Kudera lakumwera chakum'mawa, vwende yamadzi imakhala ndi khungu loyera lakunja loyera, pomwe zamkati zake ndizofiira komanso zonenepa, zonyezimira ngati shuga woyengedwa. Kumapeto kwa Kummwera kwa Central Vietnam, vwende lamadzi lili ndi vermillion ngati zamkati…   

  Panjira yolowera ku Central Vietnamat mtunda wa pafupifupi ma kilomita makumi atatu kuchokera Thanh Hoa khwangwala umauluka, pali mtundu wa Nga Sơn madzi vwende zomwe zawerengedwa kuti ndi Ti Timmtundu womwe umakonda kutulutsidwa mu nthano za ku Vietnamese. Kukhala wothawathawa wokhala pachilumba chopanda anthu, Ti Tim ndi mkazi wake anali atatha kubzala mtundu wotere chivwende kuti ibweretse kumtunda kuti ibwezere mtundu wa Huøng Vöông. Ku North Vietnam, meloni yamadzi⁴ imakula "mosaganizira" - mwachitsanzo sichingawonekere pa Matayipi a zipatso pomwe imamera m'chilimwe. Chifukwa chake, at Tet, anthu Kumpoto amayenera kuyembekezera "kununkhira" Kummwera kuti athe kusewera ndi mtundu uwu wa zipatso zokhulupirika ndi zovomerezeka zomwe zimakhala ndi "pulp ofiira ndi peel ya buluu". Komabe, m'zaka za 80 za anthu m'malo ena adatha kupanga mtundu wina wamadzi a dzinja kuti azisangalala nawo Tet. Chipatso chomwe chimalandiridwanso chimakhala ndi peyala yakuda ndi ululu wofiyira kwatsopano, koma sichinakwanitse kukula kuchokera kum'mwera.Firiji.2) ...

ZINDIKIRANI:
¹ Gwirizanani ndi Pulofesa HUNG NGUYEN MANH, Doctor of Phylosophy in Mbiri.
² Malinga ndi ĐẶNG ĐỨC - (Ngodya ya zipatso isanu ku Tết) - Hanoi, Folklore magazine No. 2, February 1986, masamba 51-52.)
³ Malinga ndi HÀ THẮM - "Ngolo ya zipatso zisanu ndi zofukiza ndi utsi ku Tết"-"Magazini a Vietnamese Commerce and Industrial Marketing”- Tsamba 30 - Nyumba yosindikiza ya Unduna wa Zachikhalidwe ndi Chidziwitso.
⁴ Malinga ndi MAI KHÔI - Zosangalatsa zakunyumba - Vwende lamadzi ku Tết - mas. 181 mpaka 184 - Nyumba Yosindikiza ya Arts 1996.

BAN TU THU
01 / 2020

ZINDIKIRANI:
Chitsime: Chaka Chatsopano cha Vietnamese cha ku Vietnamese - Chikondwerero chachikulu - Asso. Prof HUNG NGUYEN MANH, Doctor of Phylosophy in Mbiri.
Images Zithunzi zolimba mtima komanso sepia zakhazikitsidwa ndi Ban Tu Thu - adhanso.biz

ONANI ZINA:
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◊  Chizindikiro cha mawu oti "Tết"
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◊  Zovuta Za ANTHU OPEREKA - Zovuta ZOKUKHALA - Gawo 1
◊  Zovuta Za ANTHU OPEREKA - Zovuta ZOKUKHALA - Gawo 2
◊  Zodandaula za ANTHU OTHANDIZA - Zovuta zakulipira kwa Dept
◊  MU Gawo lina la DZIKO: HOST YA PARALLEL CONCERNS
◊  Ngolo ya zipatso Zisanu
◊  Kufika Kwa Chaka Chatsopano
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◊ etc.