Kuyembekezera CHAKA Chatsopano - Gawo 1

Kumenya: 418

HUNG NGUYEN MANH¹

  "Kupikisana wina ndi mnzake kukumbatirana mzere". Komabe, sizowona kuti midzi yonse imachita mantha "Nyerere ndi ziwanda", koma ena mwa iwo adavala miyambo ndi zizolowezi zingapo malinga ndi mbiri yawo kapena chikhalidwe chawo monga nyumba ya anthu Đông Kỵ (Bắc Ninh) Chaka chilichonse, nthawi yakusintha pomwe guwa lansembe ladzaza ndi utsi, amuna anayi okalamba omwe akuyimira midzi inayi akutuluka mwachangu kukapikisana kuti akumbirane mzati wa nyumbayo kuti alimbane wina ndi mnzake. Mwambowu umapulumuka chifukwa cholemba magulu ankhondo a Mfumu Thiên Cương, yomwe cholinga chake ndi kuthandiza onse kuti amasule dziko ngati Woyera Gióng kulimbana ndi Kukondera othawa.

Mwambo “Wosunthira Thumba

    Kukumbukira kupambana kwa Ân owukira (mu ulamuliro wa King Hùng Vương wa 6), anthu kunyumba yothandizana ndi Mudzi wa Phong Doanh (Bình Dương, Tam Đảo, Vĩnh Phúc) mumenyani ng'oma ndi maenje kulimbikitsa aliyense kuti azithamangira kumisewu yakumidzi yomwe ibwera kumalo otchedwa "Mô nhà chòi? ” (khola lanyumba). Mwambo uwu umachitika m'mawa ndipo amatchedwa "kusuntha nyumba". Kuphatikiza apo, tapezanso miyambo ina yoyambirira yomwe imachitika pa mwezi Chaka chatsopano'm mADZULO, chizolowezi cha "kuponya anthu lupanga".

Nyerere ndi Mdierekezi

    Timawonetsedwa mzimayi atakhala kutsogolo-kuphika ndikuwotcha kena kake ndi zonyamula zipatso. Zilembo mu Nom script tidziwitseni zambiri. Madzulo a Tet anthu mwachangu nyerere kuthamangitsa nyerere mchaka chatsopano. Mwambo uwu sukukhalanso. Pakusakankhira miyambo ndi zizolowezi m'chigawo cha North Vietnam, tapeza chithunzi chomwe chikugwirizana ndi zomwe zikuwoneka kuti zikuyambitsa kolifesiyo kuti isawotche, kuti nyerere zisalowe m'khitchini:

Ndimakonda Mr.Ant
Mpweya Kìn Kình Cang (vesi losatsimikizika la onomatopoeic)
Ndimasilira Mr. Ant Ndimawotcha mudzi wonse wa Ants
Mpweya Kìn Kình Cang (vesi losatsimikizika la onomatopoeic)

     M'masiku omaliza a chaka, okalamba ena sakhala kunyumba ndikupita kukachisi kapena kuma temple. Amadikirira pamenepo mpaka tsiku lachaka chatsopano (nthawi yosinthira) kubwerera kunyumba. Chifukwa amakhulupirira kuti pali mtundu wina wa satana wotchedwa "Vũ Tuần”Zomwe zinkawasokoneza ngakhale atagonana. Anthu amatcha masiku atatu omaliza a chaka - masiku atatu achikondi.²

Zithunzi zomaliza

    Pa tsiku lomaliza la chaka, H. OGER ndipo womupweteka wake amayesa kujambula zithunzi zomaliza. M'misewu, anthu amayenda mwachangu ngati kuthamangitsa mphindi zotsala. Mudzi wokhala wopanda miyendo ndi ambulera amanyamula nzimbe paphewa - ndodo ngati chopereka kwa makolo ake. Mkazi amabweretsa zopereka zake kwa pagoda. Ndi wantchito monga akuwonetsera ndi H. OGER.

   Kodi kusinthaku ndi kwa ndani?Firiji.1)? Ayi! Amapangidwa malinga ndi lamulo la khonsolo ya m'mudzimo ndi alonda am'mudzimo. Zovala zikadali zouma Pamwamba padenga (Firiji.2). Ayenera kuchotsedwa nthawi yomweyo.

   pa 30th wa mwezi watha mwezi - tsiku lomaliza la mwezi womaliza wamwezi wamwezi - tsiku lomwe lidapangitsa anthu kukhala osangalala komanso kukhala ndi moyo, akuwoneka kuti akuyembekeza chochitika chachikulu chomwe chatsala pang'ono kuchitika m'moyo wawo. Kwatsala tsiku limodzi lokha, m'banjamo, chilichonse ndi mavuto aliwonse m'banjamo, akulu kapena ang'ono kutali kapena pafupi, wamba kapena ofunikira ayenera kuthetsedwa kapena kuyimitsidwa kwakanthawi. Kumpoto, anthu nthawi zambiri amayenera kumaliza ntchito yawo yobzala Tet mtengo masana, ku Central Vietnam, ntchitoyo imayenera kumalizidwa masana, pomwe kumwera, iyenera kutsirizika kuyambira madzulo mpaka madzulo. Malinga ndi zizolowezi zakale, kamodzi Tết mzati wobzalidwa, anthu ayenera kukonzekera kuitana makolo awo kuti abwere adzasangalale Tet ndi iwo (monga ku Kẻ Rị, Kẻ Chè, Chigawo cha Đông Sơn, Thanh Hoá).

   Pakadali pano, guwa la makolo liyenera kukhala la apulosi-pie musanapitirize ndi mwambo woitanira makolo anu kuti abwere kudzakondwerera Masiku atatu Ndi amayi awo. Pambuyo pa mwambo woitanitsa pamene zitsulo zofukizira zimatenthedwa, mbale ya mbale yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito monga nsembe imatsitsidwa ndipo banja lonse limasonkhana mozungulira chakudya chokoma ndi chokomachi. Malinga ndi Mabanja a Confucian, chakumapeto kwa chakumapeto chimakhala ndi tanthauzo lakusunga mwambo wokongola komanso wopambana.

    In North Vietnam, mwambo wamalonje wa makolo ungakhale chikondwerero miyambo iwiri:

1) Sonyezani zopereka pa guwa, nyali yoyatsira, pereka zofukiza ndikuyamba kupembedza masana a 30th wa mwezi watha mwezi (ie nthawi ya 12:00 am). Mwambo wamoni umakonzedwa kunyumba kokha, anthu samapita kumanda. Mutu wabanja, wovala bwino, wayimirira kutsogolo kwa guwa, amayatsa timiyala tambiri ta zofukiza ndikupemphera:

    "Vietnam, mwezi wokhala (Ất Mão, Mậu Thân…) mwezi… mafunde achisanu, pa 30 mwezi wa 12th wokhala mwezi. Ndine…, woyang'anira kupembedza, wobadwira kumudzi…, chigawo…., Chigawo… pamodzi ndi onse am'banja kowtow nthawi zana."

   Mwaulemu timapereka ndodo zofukizira, golide ndi siliva mapepala akunyumba, zipatso, zakudya, zikondwerero, mowa ndi madzi, betel ndi areca-nati ndi zinthu zina zonse. Kuitana makolo athu onse, agogo-agogo-a agogo, agogo-aamuna, agogo, abambo, amayi, amalume, mchimwene, mlongo, msuweni, kuti abwerere kudzatichitira chidwi. Tikukhulupirira kuti: makolo athu adzateteza banja lathu, kuyambira zaka zakale mpaka achinyamata, ndipo adzawapatsa chisangalalo, chitetezo, mtendere, ndipo zonse zidzayenda bwino ndi mabanja ambiri ndikuchita bwino. Chonde bwerani mudzasangalale ndi zopereka zathu.³

    Pambuyo popemphera, mutu wabanja amachoka, ndikugawana malo ake kuti aliyense m'banjamo apemphere, ndipo mogwirizana ndi udindo wake m'banjamo achikulirewo ndiye zimayamba zachinyamataVillageáp Cầu Village, Bắc Ninh) komanso kutsatira tanthauzo la Moni Wabwino Kwambiri. Masana a 30 pa 12^th mwezi, mutu wabanja ndi ena onse am'banja lake amatenga zokhotakhota ndi mafosholo pamodzi ndi zinthu za pepala ndi zofukizira kumanda a makolo awo kuti achotse udzu (kuteteza mizu yake kuti igone pabokosilo ndikugogoda zotsalira), khalani ndimanda kuti akhale oyera. Kenako banja lonselo limayatsa timiyala tofukizira, timapemphera, kenako nkubzala gulu lonse pamanda. Mapempherowa akuyenera kufotokozera zakulimbazi poyitanitsa makolo kuti abwerere ndi kusangalala Spring nawo.

   Pikupembedza mizimu ya makolo, mutu wa mabanja ulamula anthu kuti akumbe bowo m'bwalomo kuti abzale Tet mthunzi. Amawaza laimu wothira pansi pa mzati mumapangidwe a uta ndi muvi kuti akwaniritse mizimu yoyipa yomwe imayang'ana panja, kuilepheretsa kuti ilowe mnyumbamo. Pambuyo popereka moni anthu amayembekezerabe mpaka zidutswa zofukizira zitatenthedwa kuti abweretse mbale zaphwando; ndiye, banja lonse limasonkhana mozungulira kuti azisangalala ndikudya chakudya madzulo a mwezi (Firiji.3). Chaka Chatsopano, chofunikira kwambiri, chomwe chili chokhutira ndi kutsatira mfundo zoyenera. Chithunzi cha 30 ya mwezi wachisanu ndi chiwiri kapena 30th ya Tết sindiwo ochokera m'mabanja a aliyense, popeza pali zinthu zambiri zomvetsa chisoni monga kupatukana pakati pa ana, kukulitsa ngongole, kulira kwambiri kuposa kuseka…

“Nzeru za munthu zimatha kutsimikiziridwa pokhapokha ngati wapita kukhoti.
Chuma cha m'modzi chitha kuwonetsedwa pa 30th ya Tết (30 ya mwezi wachisanu ndi chiwiri).

… Pitilizani mu gawo 2…

zolemba:
¹ Gwirizanani ndi Pulofesa HUNG NGUYEN MANH, Doctor of Phylosophy in Mbiri.
²  Malinga ndi JOSEPH TISSANIER - Mfaransa wokhala ku Thăng Long kuyambira 1658 - 1663 - yemwe adakhala ku Tếquin asanu.
³ Malinga ndi TOAN ÁNH - Zikhulupiriro ku Vietnam - Bukhu 2 - Nam Chi Publishing House - Saigon 1968.

BAN TU THU
01 / 2020

ZINDIKIRANI:
Chitsime: Chaka Chatsopano cha Vietnamese cha ku Vietnamese - Chikondwerero chachikulu - Asso. Pulofesa HUNG NGUYEN MANH, Doctor of Phylosophy in History.
Images Zithunzi zolimba mtima komanso sepia zakhazikitsidwa ndi Ban Tu Thu - thanhdiavietnamnamali.com

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