TẾT yokhala ndi TrẦN TẾ XƯƠNG
Kumenya: 572
HUNG NGUYEN MANH1
Malinga ndi mwambo m'masiku a kale, pamene wina ndi ndakatulo, nthawi iliyonse Tet amabwera, wina ayenera kukhala ndi ndakatulo zochepa, mwina wopitilira muyeso motsogoleredwa ndi zoonekazo, kapena ndakatulo pawekha kapena nkhani ... Izi ndikuwunika zinthu zakale, mawonekedwe obwerera m'mbuyo momwe adadutsamo zakale.
Mwa ndakatulo wamba kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19 komanso koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 20, Tế Xương ndi ndakatulo yomwe titha kutcha a 'Kukhumudwa' m'modzi; Izi ndichifukwa choti amayenera kukhala ndi moyo wosauka komanso womvetsa chisoni ndipo anali kumangokhalira pafupi ndi komwe amakhala, pomwe digiri yapamwamba kwambiri ya ku yunivesite, amakhoza kupeza inali yokhayo basi, komanso anali akuvutika ndi chisoni chaku dziko lake lotayika mu manja a olowa aku France. Kuti 'Kukhumudwa' munthu wasiya ma vesi ambiri okhala ndi mawu omveka bwino 'Wokhazikika ndi wotsutsa' chilengedwe, ndi Masiku masiku amapanga mwayi wabwino kwambiri woti amuseka ndikuseka umphawi, kudzionetsera modabwitsa, kusazindikira miyambo ndi zizolowezi zawo ...1
Choyamba ndi chizolowezi cha anthu, ngakhale olemera kapena osauka, kupikisana pakugula zinthu mosangalala. Kumbali imodzi anthu ambiri amafuna kudzionetsera kapena kufalitsa chuma chawo, komano, anthu ena amalakalaka kuti sakananenedwa kapena kusekedwa ngati mabanja omwe ali ndi "phulusa lubani ndi utsi wozizira". Pa nthawi yotere, Tế Xương sikuti anangokhala osachita chilichonse komanso kunyoza umphawi wake wopweteka:
"Musaganize, abwenzi anga, kuti mu nthawi ino ya Tết, ndiri wosauka,
Sindinatengepo ndalama zomwe ndidzagwiritse ntchito pachifuwa changa.
Ndalamula vinyo wa chrysanthsemum, koma wogulitsa walephera kubweretsa.
Ndapempha wina kuti andigulire lotus, koma mtengo wake akadali wokwera kwambiri,
Ndinakonzeka kulongedza makeke anga omwe anali ndi shuga, koma ndimawopa kuti msoziwo ungawapangitse kuthamanga.
Ndinkafuna kuphika nkhumba ya nkhumba, koma ndimawopa kuti ikhoza kuvunda chifukwa cha kutentha.
Izi ndizokwanira, ndikuti, tisunge zonse izi kwa Tết yotsatira,
Musaganize, anzanga, kuti mu nthawi ino ya Tết, ndiri wosauka. ”
Chiyambire nthawi yomwe Vietnam idalamulidwa ndi French, anthu aku Vietnam azikondwerera ziwiri Masiku masiku. Izi ndi mwezi Tsiku la T .t or Chi Vietnamese Tết ndi tsiku la kalendala Tết kapena Tsiku la French Tết. Panthawiyo, akatswiri a maphunziro a Confucius, omvera Mfumu, ankadikirira Khothi la Huế Kulengeza za tsiku lomwe limayamba chaka chatsopano komanso kalendala yoyambira mwezi isanazindikire yawo Tet.
"Nthawi ya masika yalengezedwa posachedwa ndi Khothi la Huế
Nyengo ya masika si ya aliyense makamaka, koma ya aliyense. ”
Kuchokera ku Khothi kumatanthauza kuchokera Uwu, Mzinda womwe Khothi limapezekabe. Koma, zinatheka bwanji Tet moni ndi aliyense? Tiyeni timve Tú Xương pofotokozera:
"Kutuluka mokhazikika komanso kopanda phokoso ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'ono,
Chifukwa chake phokoso pakhomalo ndi lojambula-lokhala ndi tambala.
Nsapato ndi nsapato zake zimakhala zomveka mosokosera, atsikana ambiri okhala ndi malasha akuda komanso ma inki nawonso amavala zovala zawo za silika… ”
Kuwona kumeneko kunapangitsa kuti anthu omwe anali achidwi kwambiri kudziko lakwawo ndipo anali osungunuka komanso osangalala kuti ayambe kulira komanso kulira ngati. Tú Xương :
"Tikuyenera kufunsa iwo omwe ali ndi nkhawa kwambiri kudziko lakwawo,
Kasupe ameneyo adabwera ndipo adzabwera kwamuyaya koma kodi akumva chilichonse chotenga mtima?"
Zikhalidwe ndi zizolowezi zinali chonchi, makanema osiririka nawo adalinso ochulukirapo, ndakatulo yathu idaseka anthu ena, kenako nkudzabwerera:
"Anthu ochenjera amalankhulana wina ndi mnzake zatsopano ndi zamakono,
Omwe ali zigololo samamveredwa ndi munthu aliyense.
Chovala cha silika cha munthu uyu ndi chachikulu ngati poto.
Sketi yakuda yoyera ya msungwanayo itasesa njira yonse.
Ndi ntchito zake zoperekedwa kwa monkhood, kuti monch ali ndi parasol,
M'matumba mwake mudadzaza masenti ndi ma densi, wachiwembu wa Maùn montagnard mkati North Vietnam ikwera njinga.
Ngakhale sakhala munthu wokonda kuyeretsa, munthu ayenera kumakondwerera masiku atatu a Tết,
Ngakhale chimaphwanyidwa ndi miyala, munthu akhoza kupitilirabe zakumwa zake".
Pomwe anthu akupikisana pakukonzekera ndi kugula, popanga zoteteza ndi mikate, wophunzira wa Confucian yemwe adaswa miyala ayenera kuyesetsanso kuchitapo kanthu kuti apewe kusekedwa ndi achibale ake… Chokhacho Tú Xương anali atatenga zovala zake kuti agwire mbewa ndi kuzigwiritsa ntchito kupanga mtundu wina womwe adalawa kuti awone ngati unali wabwino kuposa maswiti Triều Châu Wachichaina, kapena zinalinso bwino kuposa makeke omwe Amayi. Hành Tụ wogulitsa mtawoni?
"Chaka chino kugula kwanzeru?
Kupopera kwa nsabwe za mbewa zikuwonetsedwa posachedwapa?
Yophika ndi madzi ndi shuga mkati mwa poto wamkuwa, imawoneka yakuda bii,
Kutuluka mu zovala, nsabwe ndizonenepa kwenikweni?
Kodi maswiti a Trieàu Chaâu Chinese angalimbane nawo bwanji.
Mikate ya Akazi a Haønh Tuï nawonso ndi otsika kwambiri?
Chaka chamawa, ndatsimikiza mtima kuti nditsegule malo ogulitsa mbewa ndi kuwaza mafuta ena? ”
Kutenga nsabwe zamtunduwu kuzisunga, ndikuwaza mafuta onunkhira, ndikuziwonetsa m'sitolo… Tú Xương anali atafika pachimake pa kupanda mphamvu. Kuchokera Tú XươngPokhala ndi malingaliro, anthu atha kunyamula ndakatulo yotchedwa "Kubwereka ndalama zochokera kumwamba" kuti agwiritse ntchito Tet - popeza sizophweka kwa anthu achuma kusiya matumbo awo (ie kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zawo) masiku awa3
Kuwona kuti chuma chaMulengi chidakali chodzaza,
Ndimalakalaka nditapempha kumwamba kuti andibwereke ndalama.
Mukafunsa Mwezi, Mwezi wagona,
Mukafunsa Mphepo, Mphepo imadzikuza.
Koma za ngalande, zikafunsidwa, zinathawa.
Pofunsa bingu, bingu limasinthira kuyankhula.
Sindingakhale ndi nthawi yochulukirapo kufunsa,
Ndipo ndimapempha kumwamba kuti ngongole ikhale ndi ndalama zambiri.
The "ngongole”Yotchulidwa ndi Tú Xương siwofanana ndi "zolemba" zomwe zikuwonetsedwa pamsika wogulitsa - malo omwe, panthawiyo "mtsikanayo wogulitsa mabuku adameza".
On Masiku masiku, anthu olemera ali ndi nsalu za silika, brosha ndi satin, zaumphawi, ali ndi thalauza la bulauni komanso zovala zopangidwa ndi nsalu, palibe amene amalephera kukhala ndi chovala chatsopano chodzikongoletsa - pang'ono - ana omwe adakali anyamata:
"Anthu okalamba ali ndi mbale yazophikira,
Ana ang'ono ali ndi chovala chatsopano"
Ndakatulo Tú Xương Amamvetsetsa bwino za kufunika ndi chosawerengeka cha chivundikiro chakunja:
Mophunzitsana mochenjera kuti ndi zaposachedwa komanso zatsopano,
Aliyense amene ali ndi zovala zotupa samamvetsera.
zolemba:
1 Gwirizanani ndi Pulofesa HUNG NGUYEN MANH, Doctor of Phylosophy in Mbiri.
2 Malinga ndi TRẦN THANH MAI - Pa mtsinje wa Vị - Zolemba za Trần Tế Xương ndi moyo wake - Nyumba yosindikiza ya Tân Việt - 4th kusindikiza 1973. pp.56 mpaka 59.
3 NGÔ THI - Ndakatulo ya Tết yolembedwa ndi Tú Xương - Libigated Saigon - Đinh Sửu Springtime magazine, 1997 - tsamba 7.
BAN TU THU
01 / 2020
ZINDIKIRANI:
Chitsime: Chaka Chatsopano cha Vietnamese cha ku Vietnamese - Chikondwerero chachikulu - Asso. Prof HUNG NGUYEN MANH, Doctor of Phylosophy in Mbiri.
Images Zithunzi zolimba mtima komanso sepia zakhazikitsidwa ndi Ban Tu Thu - adhanso.biz
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