Maholide ndi Zikondwerero zosiyanasiyana za WET RICE FARMER - Gawo 2

Kumenya: 418

HUNG NGUYEN MANH¹

… Ikupitilira gawo 1:

Mwambo Wopempherera Nthawi Yopeza Usodzi Yopambana

    Mosiyana ndi anthu akumidzi omwe amawona "Kutsegulira mapiri"Mwambo, anthu okhala kunyanja achite mwambowo"kuti mupempherere nyengo yakusodza yopambana"⁶. Mudziwo umasankha woimira kuti abweretse zoperekedwa kukachisi wa chinsomba, kapena kumakachisi a Genie wa Nyanja Yakum'mawa ndi Genie wa Nyanja Yakumwera kuwotcha nkhuni ndi kupempherera "thambo lamtambo ndi nyanja yolimba” ndi “bwato lodzaza ndi nsomba”, Kenako bwato losodza limatumizidwa kunyanja kuti iponyere chisa chake. Pakukoka koyamba, anthu amasankha nsomba zazikulu kwambiri kuti azipembedza Genie ndi kumasula imodzi ndi kuiponya munyanja kuti ichite zomwe amati: “Masulani mbalame ndi kumasula nsomba, Zilango ndi zolakwa zimasiyidwa kwa Mulungu".

    Kwa anthu okhala m'malo a m'mphepete mwa Th Thia Thiên ndi Uwu, zikondwerero za Ntchofu ndizogwirizana kwambiri ndi moyo wamba monga mwambowu kufunsa nsomba zambiri zomwe zimakondweretsedwa¹¹ pa Mnyamata Mnyamata m'mudzimo.

    Chaka chilichonse mwambo wopembedzawu umachitika masana a 11^th tsiku la mwezi woyamba, kubwalo la nyumba ya anthu onse (tsiku latha kukhala chikondwerero cha m'mudzi wa Sình) ndipo zimatha mpaka pakati pausiku mwambowu wopempha kuti nsomba zambiri ziziyamba. Pakadali pano, eni mabwato onse omwe amavala zovala zochepa, ndi malaya akuda, zikopa zoyera, ndi zopukutira zofiira, atumiza msodzi wamkulu kuti awerenge mapempherowo.

   Pafupifupi 5:00 AM m'mawa tsiku lotsatira, masewera monga kuponya maukonde, kutulutsa timabowo timakonzedwa. Poyamba asodzi akale amapemphera kuti Mulungu apatse mudziwo mtendere ndi chitukuko, kenako akumenya ma drum atatu kuti akhazikitse mwambowo.

    Msodzi wamkulu wachikulire wa tsitsi loyera, limodzi ndi eni maboti awiri, amabwera paguwa kudzachita izi. Nthawi yomweyo, msodzi wina wachikulire, yemwe waimirira pansi pa guwa, akuyamba kuponya mphatso ndi ndalama kubwalo kuti ana apikisane wina ndi mnzake kuti atole ndalamazo. Pambuyo pake, bwato lansungwi lolimba lokhala ndi zifanizo za msodzi pamenepo, limanyamulidwa ndi asodzi achichepere omwe amathamanga ndikuzungulira gulu la anawo kuti afotokozere zochitika zokoka nsomba zingapo zomwe zikudya nyamboyo. Nsomba zophiphiritsira zimayesetsa kutuluka muukondewo pomwe eni mabwato amayesetsa kutulutsa nsombazo ndikuyesera kuti agwire zingapo kuti apereke kwa akatswiri pamudzipo.

    Kenako amatenga chizindikiro kupita naye kumsika kukagulitsa pamenepo. Msikawu umayikidwa pakona ya bwalo lamnyumba yachiyanjano. Atagulitsa nsomba, asodziwo amabwerera kumalo komwe amayikapo guwa kuti agawire ndalamazo. Mwambowu tsopano umalingaliridwa ngati kumaliza koma chikondwererocho chikupitirirabe.

Mwambo Wongonena Pakuphuka Kwamasupe

    M'masiku oyamba a Tet, anthu amachita mwambo wopempherera Kufanizira kwamasamba (mwachitsanzo pa zabwino ndi zatsopano m'zochitika zonse za Man, komanso kwa chilengedwe ndi zonse kuchita bwino) ndikuwadziwitsa milunguyo za zopempha ndi zofuna za anthu okhala m'mudzimo ndikuwapempha milungu kuti idalitse.

    Mwambo wopemphereranso kuti akhale ngati kasupe⁶ limakonzedwa pakachisi, kapena m'malo opatulika kapena malo omwe anthu amatha kuona miyambo ndi masewera angapo kubwezeretsa moyo m'mbuyomu ndikupanga malo atsopano komanso osangalala.

   Mitundu ya mwambowu imatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera ndi malo omwe adakonzera. Ndizofunikira makamaka pa Vĩnh Phú dziko la makolo - dziko lomwe limasungabe zikhalidwe ndi miyambo yakale ya Vietnamese masiku oyambilira pomwe mtunduwo udamangidwa.

    The mwambo wopemphera Achinyamata ambiri achinyamata ndi miyambo yobera "dò"(Gawo la bamboo lofanizira chiwalo chachimuna) komansokoma"(Chigawo chofanizira chikazi). Ndi tanthauzo lofanana ndi mwambowo kupemphereranso mawonekedwe a Spring, mwambowu wopemphereranso achinyamata ambiri komanso achinyamata umachitika chaka chilichonse pa tsiku la 3 la Tet at Gia Thanh mudzi (Phong Châu).

    Zoperekazo zikuphatikiza makeke 12 amphaka amphaka amphaka, nkhuku, ndimtengo wa joss, betel ndi mowa. Atapemphera kwa amitunduwo, mbuye wa zikondwererozo amapita pakhomo la kachisi ndikufuula mokweza kuti: “M'chaka chatsopano chino, tikupemphera milungu kuti ipatse mudzi wathu anyamata ambiri achinyamata komanso amphamvu, kuti mabanja a m'mudzi mwathu akhale otukuka, kutipatsa anyamata athu mata talente ambiri komanso kubweretsa chitukuko m'mudzi mwathu".

    Mu mwambowu kufunsa anyamata ambiri, anthu amasewera masewera a "kuyang'ana gulu la nkhumba” ndi “kubera chidutswa cha bamboo chofanizira chiwalo chachimuna”M'njira yonyansa. Nkhumba imadulidwa ndi mkulu wa gulu laling'ono loti azilambira milungu. Pofika tchuthi, amuna onse abambo amabwera kunyumba ya Ham-hamlet kuti adzatsuke nkhumba, ndikuyiyika palankeen yokhala ndi padenga ndi siteji ya gulu lomwe limayang'ana kuti "tengani Mr. Cau ku temple ya Tro". Pambuyo pake, anthu okhala m'mudzimo amasonkhana kupha nkhumba ndikukonzekera phwandolo.

    "Ndi"Ndi chidutswa cha msungwi pafupifupi 13cm (kuyimira chiwalo chachimuna) obzalidwa pamtengo wozungirapo woikidwa m'bwalo la kachisi. Mwambowo ukatha ndipo nkhongono zikamalira, aliyense amathamangira ku mitengo iwiri ya msungwi yomwe akuyesetsa kuthana nayodò"Monga amakhulupirira kuti aliyense amene angazipeze, banja lake likadakhala"anyamata ambiri amphamvu ndi olemera”- makamaka za ana opanda ana.

    Mwambo wopempherera anyamata ndi anyamata ambiri amaoneka Lương Đài nyama, Bồ Sao mudzi (Vinh Lac) pa 6 ndi 7 mwezi woyamba wa mwezi wokhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyana.

    Chaka chilichonse, m'mawa cha 6^th Tsiku la T .t, mabanja onse omwe anali ndi mwana wamwamuna chaka chatha ayenera kubweretsa zopereka kukachisi wa m'mudzimo kuti azikapembedza, milungu imayembekezera kuti mchaka chatsopano mudziwo udzakhala ndi anyamata ambiri achinyamata.

    Pa nkhani ya Dị Nâu mudzi (Tam Thanh chigawo, anthu okhala m'mudzimo amakondwerera tsiku la 4 la Tet mwambo womwe cholinga chake kupemphereredwa achinyamata ndi achinyamata ambiri pachikhalidwe cha "kuthyola kén"(kén ndi mawu achi Vietnamese akuimira chiwalo chachikazi kapena kukopera).

    Kuyambira m'mawa kwambiri, anthu a m'misasa yaying'ono amabwera kale ndi zopereka zawo ndi zophera zawo kukachisi kuti akapembedze. Pofika 8:00 AM aliyense m'mudzimo amapezeka, kuphatikizapo akuluakulu ndi akulu am'mudzimo omwe adzayimira mudziwo kuti azipembedzera. Mwambowu watha nthawi ya nkhomaliro pomwe mtsogoleri wa zikondwererozo atafika pachitseko cha kachisi kuti awerenge mwatchutchutchu lamulo la "kén kuswa".

    Masamba a “koma”Zimapachikidwa pamtengo 2 wa nsungwi wobzalidwa pakati pa bwalo la kacisi. Pa mtengo uliwonse pamakhala matumba 36 a "koma”Iliyonse yaiwo imakhala ndi kaphokoso kofinyira pakati wotchedwa"yaitali spathe”Ndipo pobisalira amaikapo kachidutswa kakang'ono ka"mawu"Nkhuni - chotchedwa" ndodo belu ". Aliyense amalumikizana wina ndi mnzake kuti ayesetse kulanda “koma"Akuyembekeza kukhala ndi mwayi chaka chatsopano.

    Anthu amakhalanso ndi mwambo wopempherera mpunga wambiri womwe amakondwerera masewera omwe amatchedwa "Inu tùng dí"(kufuula Hú tùng dí onomatopoeia) pa Ndi Cương ndi Triệu Phu midzi (Phong Châu) tsiku lililonse la 6 la mwezi woyamba kupemphera kwa a genie akuyembekeza kukhala ndi "mpunga wambiri ndi mbewu zabwino". Pamwambowo masewerawa “Inu tùng dí”Imachitika moseketsa. Mudzi uliwonse umasankha anyamata atatu, aliyense wa iwo ali ndi mtengo wamapewa wokhala ndi chilichonse pamphepete mwake wokhala ndi zomata zazing'ono ndi manja awiri ampunga atakulungidwa mumasamba a maranta. Onse ovala komanso ovala zovala zabwino kwambiri, ndipo amayenda kuzungulira bwalo la kachisi akuthamanga ndikufuula "Inu tùng dí? ","Inu tùng dí? ”. Anthu am'mudzimo amalowa nawo mokuwa. Pambuyo pake, amalowa mkachisi, nadziyimilira mbali ziwiri za kakhonde koyang'ana guwa la nsembe. Kenako, amavina ndi mapewa awo kumayendedwe amiyala ndi ng'oma kwinaku akufuula "Inu tùng dí? ","Inu tùng dí? ”. Aliyense amathanso kuvina nawo. Pambuyo pa zovina zitatu, mbuye wa masewerawa amaponyera paddy ndi mpunga womata kuti aliyense aduluke kuti apeze mwayi.

ZINDIKIRANI:
¹ Gwirizanani ndi Pulofesa HUNG NGUYEN MANH, Dokotala mu Phylosophy of History.
⁶ Malinga ndi LÊ TRUNG VŨ - Tết yachikhalidwe cha Vietnamese - Culture and Information Publishing House 1996 - mas. 125 mpaka 127.
¹¹ Malinga ndi H.GIANG - Mapwando kufunsa nsomba zambiri - Magazini ya Spring ya Cultural magazine - Đinh Sửu Tết, 1997 - P.10.

BAN TU THU
01 / 2020

zolemba:
Chitsime: Vietnamese Lunar Chaka Chatsopano - Chikondwerero Chabwino - Asso. Prof HUNG NGUYEN MANH, Doctor of Phylosophy in Mbiri.
Images Zithunzi zolimba mtima komanso sepia zakhazikitsidwa ndi Ban Tu Thu - adhanso.biz

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